Direct contact cooling using 3M™ Novec™ Engineered Fluids for xEV Battery
Helping meet xEV thermal management needs
For more than 40 years, 3M has set the standard for electronics thermal management with many successful and innovative applications using our 3M™ Fluorinert™ Electronic Liquids. Our Novec Engineered Fluids build on that tradition – offering the next generation of non-electrically conductive fluids that balance outstanding thermal management performance with other important attributes such as a large margin of safety in an occupational setting, and environmental sustainability because of its non-ozone depleting properties and low global warming potential.
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Ideal for direct contact cooling
Novec Engineered Fluids are an ideal solution for direct contact cooling in xEV battery systems. Engineering challenges with indirect cooling may limit the thermal management solution to contacting only a small fraction of the battery cells surface area, typically about 10% for a typical cylindrical or prismatic cell.
Unlike indirect cooling applications, which use water/glycol mixtures, Novec Engineered Fluids are non-conductive, reducing the need for electrical isolation. Unlike many dielectric oils, our low-viscosity fluids pump smoothly through systems, and depending on the system design, promote turbulence across surfaces improving heat transfer.
Novec Engineered Fluids are engineered for a sustainable future because of their non-ozone depleting properties and low global warming potential, and they are not scheduled for regulatory phasedown.
Key benefits for xEV battery assembly and production
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Direct contact cooling requires fewer thermal management materials
Using a Novec Engineered Fluids for direct contact cooling can help reduce the number of materials needed to achieve optimal temperature control. Battery systems designed for direct contact cooling can virtually eliminate the need for thermal pads, thermal interface materials (TIMs) and potting compounds in between cells to maintain an ideal temperature range.
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Non-conductive fluid reduces the need for electrical isolation
Unlike indirect cooling applications which use water/glycol mixtures, Novec Engineered Fluids are non-conductive, reducing the need for electrical isolation. Unlike many dielectric oils, our low-viscosity fluids pump smoothly through systems, and depending on the system design, promote turbulence across surfaces that can improve heat transfer.
Novec Engineered Fluids are an integral part of an effective direct contact cooling system in an xEV battery environment. Designing a direct contact cooling system using Novec Engineered Fluids can deliver the lowest within-cell and cell-to-cell temperature deltas compared to indirect cooling. And because electrical insulation is inherent to dielectric fluids, it can access nearly all surfaces of the battery cells, enabling better temperature control and uniformity. This helps maintain optimal temperature range, which is crucial for battery performance and lifespan.
Key benefits for design engineers
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Enabling fast chargingNovec Engineered Fluids can be used to enable thermal efficiency and fast charging in cylindrical, pouch and prismatic xEV battery designs. xEV batteries can potentially become smaller – with no TIMs or thermal pads, the cells are fixtured closer together and packed more efficiently. The size of electrical conductors, such as busbars, as a function of current can be reduced due to improved thermal management.
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Design optimizationNovec Engineered Fluids are designed for single phase (non-boiling) and two-phase (liquid phase and vapor phase from boiling) cooling. We will work with OEM engineers to optimize the volume of fluid needed, helping ensure that the minimum amount is used to meet economic targets.
Where science and collaboration meet
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At 3M, we develop breakthrough science that applies to real-world challenges. Our scientists developed Novec Engineered Fluids with worker safety and environmental sustainability in mind. Novec Engineered Fluids feature important properties including zero ozone depletion potential, low global warming potentials and low toxicity. They are also non-flammable – delivering a large margin of worker safety and low environmental impact. Working together we can help you achieve your goals while navigating complex performance and design needs, business goals and technical precision. Smart. Safe. Sustainable. 3M™ Novec™ Engineered Fluids are engineered for the future, in xEV batteries and far beyond.
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